Lesson Notes on Music JSS3 First Term

Music Lessons JSS3 First Term – Edudelight.com

SCHEME OF WORK MUSIC JSS 3 FIRST TERM

1. Revision Exercise
2. Construction Of Scale  A Flat, D Flat And G Flat
3. Minor, Augmented And Diminished Interval
4. Simple And Compound Time
5. Terms And Signs
6. Life And Works Of Franz Schubert And Sam Akpabot
7. Melody Writing
8. Musical Forms
9. Revision

   10 – 11. Revision

    12. Examination

WEEK ONE

REVISION EXERCISE

1        The stem or flag  are not used when writing a __________________

2        which of the notes is represented twice in the scale? ___________

3       How many beats make a semibreve note? _____________

4       A minim note is equal in duration to ______  quaver notes

5       Music is divided into measure by the used of vertical line called _________

6       ____________  is the center of the piano

7      There are _________  accidental signs  used in music

8     A flat  sign lowers a note by a ____________

9     lines and spaces of the staff is meaningless until a ____________ is placed at the   beginning

10   How many tetrachord  are there in a major scale?

                                           WEEK  TWO

CONSTRUCTION OF SCALE  A FLAT, D FLAT AND G FLAT

In our previous lesson, we discussed the diatonic scale as a ladder running from its tonic to it octave. Its only diatonic scale that consists of eight notes and it should be noted that the principle of construction is   : T,T,S,T,T,T,S

A flat major

               min 3^rd                         min 6^th                             min 2^nd                  min 3^rd                        min 7^th

Augmented interval :- when perfect or major interval is increased or sharpened it becomes augmented interval

        Aug 4^th                        aug. 5^th                 aug. 5^th                   aug. 4^th                 aug. 4^th  

Diminished interval :- when perfect  or minor interval is reduced or lowered it becomes diminished.

       Dim 4^th                       dim 5^th                      dim 5^th                  dim 3^rd               dim 3^rd

Identify the following intervals

                                                          WEEK  FOUR

SIMPLE AND COMPOUND TIME

in one of our previous lessons you will remembered that time signature has been discussed i.e Time signature is made up of two figures, one place over the other

e.g   

The upper figure tells us how many beats are there in a bar while the lower or bottom figure indicates the kind of beat.

Bottom Figures always have the following figures in both simple and compound time signature

From the foregoing

4              Means that there are four minim beats in a bar

3            Means that there are three crotchet beat in a bar

3              Means that there are three quavers beat in a bar and so on

 Exercises

Write the following time signature in words

a       6

b       4

c        2

d      3

e     2

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                                                        WEEK FIVE

TERMS AND SIGNS

There some musical terms, signs and abbreviation which composers use to indicate the manner they wanted their music performed. Students should learn these musical terms, signs and abbreviations so as to help and interpret music effectively

Dynamics

It shows how loud or soft, fast or slow music is played

 TERMS                                                             MEANING

Piano     (p)                                                       Soft

Pianissimo (pp)                                                Very soft    

Forte    (f)                                                          Loud   

Fortissimo (ff)                                                  Very Loud

Allegro                                                               fast

Adagio                                                               Slow     

Accent mark                                                   Play the note louder

Crescendo (cresc.)      <                            Gradually getting louder

Diminuendo (dim)        >             gradually getting softer

Repeat sign                    :½½                        Repeat from the beginning

Dacapo                      D.C                              go back to the sign

EXPRESSION

Cantabile                                                        in a singing style

Con                                                                   with  

Con moto                                                        with movement  

Dolce                                                               Sweetly

Maestoso                                                        Majestically   

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                                                           WEEK SIX

LIFE AND WORKS OF FRANZ SCHUBERT AND SAM AKPABOT

FRANZ SCHUBERT

       Schubert was born in Vienna, in 1797. He is the son of a school master, he was taught how to play violin and piano. He also has a sounding musical gift. Schubert was the leader of the school orchestra. He was the greatest song writer that ever lived. He was also the greatest master of ‘lied’. Most of his songs are in strophic form with either literal repetition of the music of each stanza.

        Schubert’s beautiful symphonies in C major were not performed until eleven years after his death. in Vienna. Franz Schubert died in 1828.

His works/ Music

Schubert composed 600 songs e.g

The wanderer, Wrestler’s love , the winter journey, The maid of the mill, etc

SAM AKPABOT 

        Sam akpabot was born on October 3^rd 1932 in ethnan Cross River State, he went to Kings College Lagos. He had his early musical training as a choirboy at Christ Cathedral Church Lagos under T.K.E Philips.

      He went to Royal College of Music London; he later went to university of Chicago, Michigan state University, United States of America. When he got his PHD on music, he entered into popular music in 50s and 60s and he formed ‘Alphabet sextet’. He

Worked with NBC later joined the staff of music department at the university of Nigeria Nsukka. He is a composer, director, performer, musicologist and writer.

His works/Music

Few of Sam akpabot music are :

Verbal Christ, Ofala Festival Overture, Jaja of Opobo, Tune poem Nigeria for wood wind orcheatra.

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                                                             WEEK SEVEN

MELODY WRITING

      Melody is defined as a series of single notes that add up to a recognizable whole. We perceive the pitches of a melody in relation  to each other in the same way we hear the words of a sentence not singly but as an entire thought.

                It is often the element in music that makes the most direct appeal to the listener.

Characteristics of Melody

1. A melody begins, moves and ends; it has direction, shape and continuity
2.  There are different kinds of melody : Vocal and instrumental
3. Melody may moves conjunctly  i.e in tone and semitones
4. A melody’s range is the distance between the lowest and highest tones
5. Note duration as well as pitches contribute to the distinctive character of a melody

Class exercise: write a melody not less than four bars using the treble clef, indicate the key signature and time signature.

                                                      Assignment

Write a melody of 5 bars on G major using the treble clef and indicate your time signature

                                                      WEEK EIGHT

MUSICAL FORMS

                   Most musical pieces have been specifically designed and therefore fall into some sort of plan. Without a definite idea or design, music would have be chaotic.

         Basically the composition are either in binary (AB) or ternary (ABA) form

• Binary form : This is the simplest musical form that is in two part AB
• Ternary form : (ABA form) this is a musical form in which the third section is more or less the same as the first
• Episodical form : An episode always implies a change of thought or theme or a continuous movement which contain single episode.
• Sonata form : An instrumental composition in three or four movement usually for one or two instrument. Sonata form make use of ternary idea in a grand style i.e  (A) Exposition    (B) Development   (A) Recapitulation.
• Symphony : This is a musical work in three or four movement for the or chestra

                                                        Assignment

Write short note on the following

1. Opera            2. Oratorio

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