Lesson Notes on Music JSS2(Basic 8) First Term

JSS2 Music Note

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Music Lesson Note JSS2 First Term – Edudelight.com

Music Scheme of Work JSS2 First Term

Revision Exercise
Technical Names And Function Of The Scale Degrees
Compound Time Signature
Construction Of Scales
Rhythm (More Works)
Scale With Key Signature ( G, D, A And E Major)
Life And Works Of Robert Schuman And Fela Sowande
Terms And Signs
Introduction To Triad
Revision
Revision
Examination

WEEK ONE

REVISION EXERCISE

1. The musical note with two beat duration is called _____________

2. __________ is known as a religious music

3. The flow of music is known as ________________

4. How many beats are there in a semibreve note ?

5. ____________ is a period of silence in music

6. The third (3^rd) space of the bass clef is called ___________

7. When the musical scale is divided into two, each half is said to consists of ________notes

8. The secular type of music is used to _________

9. The Italian/musical term “Pianissimo” means __________

10. The Nigerian traditional musical instrument called “Ekwe” belongs to ______ family

WEEK TWO

TECHNICAL NAMES AND FUNCTION OF THE SCALE DEGREES

We have already seen that a scale is made up of eight notes, the eighth note being a repetition of the first note. Each note of the scale has a name describing its function.

Notes degree technical name

doh i Tonic

reh ii Supertonic

me iii Mediant

fah iv Subdominant

soh v Dominant

lah vi Submediant

te vii Leading note

doh viii Octave / upper tonic

TONIC (doh) I – The tonic or tonal centre. It is the starting or key note from which the scale has taken its name. it is the most important note of a scale.

SUPER TONIC (In Latin Super, above) (reh) II – It is next or over the tonic. It is usually leads to the tonic or the third ( i.e. to ‘doh’ or ‘me’ in tonic solfa)

MEDIANT (Italian mediante between) (Me) III – It is so called because it is located half way between the tonic and the dominant. It is ‘calm’ when major and ‘sad’ when minor.

SUBDOMINANT (Fah) iv – The 4^th degree , being a 5^th under the octave of the tonic

DOMINANT (Soh) V – it is a fifth above the tonic. It is the most important note after the Tonic . As its name suggests, it dominates or rules a piece of music as it is bright in quality.

SUBMEDIANT (Lah) VI – It lies midway between the upper Tonic and the Subdominant.

LEADING NOTE ( Te) VII – It is the 7^th degree, naturally leading note tonic. It is an active tone (An active tone is one which has a strong feeling of movement towards another).

Edudelight.com Lesson note

WEEK THREE

COMPOUND TIME SIGNATURE

In one of our previous lessons, we learnt that time signature consists of two fractional figure placed above one another , the types and kinds.

When the beat value I s divisible into three parts . the time signature is known as compound Time signature. Only dotted notes are divisible into three equal parts.

Examples :

This means that a dotted crotchet has a 3/8^th of a semibreve while a dotted quaver is 3/16^th of a semibreve.

Example of a compound time song (showers of blessings)

There are three types of Compound Time signatures

A Compound Duple Time – When the numerator of a compound time signature is 6, then, there are only two beats in the bar

Examples :

B Compound Triple Time – when the numerator of a compound is 9, it means that there are three beats in a bar

Example:

C Compound Quadruple Time – When the numerator of a compound time is 12, it means that there are 4 beats in a bar.

Examples :

WEEK FOUR

CONSTRUCTION OF SCALES

F , B flat and E flat Major

F major

F G A Bb C D E F

T T S T T T S

Bb major

B C D E F G A B

E major

E F G A B C D E

Exercise

Construct the following major scale

A FLAT MAJOR

B MAJOR

WEEK FIVE

RHYTHM (More works)

Rhythm has been previously defined as “Flow of music that has other aspect such as pulse, meter, measure, note value, dotted notes and ties.

Here, we will be examining the Nigerian rhythm pattern

Free Rhythm :- This is a type of rhythm that has no feelings i.e , no regular beat , time liner etc. Free Rhythm has no interlude and instruments. Movements done in free rhythm are based on performer’s choice of pulse, rather than on a pulse derived from music itself.

Free Rhythms is commonly found in songs that are not for dance proper. It is also in forms of historic and religious chants.

Strict Rhythm :- This is a type of rhythm that is based on regular pulse i.e, the use of time liners . strict rhythm is also based on fixed duration or time which clarifies the beat. This type of rhythm is commonly found among the Africans traditions.

Edudelight.com Lesson note

WEEK SIX

SCALE WITH KEY SIGNATURE ( G, D, A and E major)

From one of our previous lesson, we discuss key signature as “the collection of flats and sharps at the beginning of a staff.

Sharps and flats i.e, key signature are always being written in front of the affected note; therefore, they are grouped together and written immediately after the clef sign at the beginning of each line.

Examples

G major D major A major E major

To construct the scale of G major with key signature

Assignment : write the key signature of G, D, A and F major scale

G major D major A major F major

WEEK SEVEN

LIFE AND WORKS OF ROBERT SCHUMAN AND FELA SOWANDE

Robert schuman

Robert Schumann was a German composer born in Saxony in 1810. His father was a publisher and a bookseller. Schumann loved music so much that he studied music at Leipzig university instead of law which his father wanted him to study. He was a great pianist, a composer, critic author and editor.

Schumann got married to Clara the daughter of his piano master and God blessed them with eight children. Schumann wrote many songs for his wife and children.

Few of his music are :

Carninal
The wild horsemen
Women’s life and love
The merry peasant
dreaming

Fela Sowande ( 1905-1987)

Fela Sowande was born in Oyo state western Nigeria in 1905 ,he was a son of a priest. His parents were from Egba Origin who lived in Oyo state where Fela was born.

Sowande was surrounded by musicians, both his parent were great exponent of music. He studied musical works like Bach and other European classical masters. At that time, he was also a band leader playing jazz music.

In 1934, he went to England intending to study civil engineering but due to financial difficulties he gave up his engineering studies and went to trinity college in London to study European classical and popular music. He became a fellow of Royal college of organist in 1943. He died in February 13^th 1987 near Kent state university U.S.A

His works / music

He composed western and African music which include :

Yoruba lament
Obangiji
Gloria
Jesu Olugbala
He also composed 6 full orchestra and African suite for string.

Edudelight.com Lesson note

WEEK EIGHT

TERMS AND SIGNS

Terms and signs are used to communicate how pieces are being played or sung

However, the terms and signs used in music includes :

TERMS/SIGNS MEANING

Con with
Con moto with motion
Poco little
Poco a poco little by little
Piu more
Staccato detached
Dal segno (D.C) From the sign
Fine end
Vivace Lively
Andante slowly
Crescendo (cres) gradually becoming louder
Diminuendo (dim) gradually becoming softer
Piano (p) soft
Forte (f) loud
Sfozando with sudden accent

WEEK NINE

INTRODUCTION TO TRIAD

Triads are three-note chord consisting the root, the third and the fifth. (doh, me and soh) of any scale

Example :

A triad can be built on any note (degree) of the scale. This means that any of the degrees can a root of the triad. When the root is chosen then add a third(3^rd) and a fifth(5^th) above the root. These three notes will produce a triad

Examples :