Lesson Notes on Music JSS1 Third Term
Music Lesson Note JSS1 Third Term – Edudelight.com
SCHEME OF WORKS MUSIC JSS1 THIRD TERM
WEEK ONE – REVISION OF THE LAST TERM WORKS
WEEK TWO – DOTTED NOT AND REST
WEEK THREE – RHYTHM
WEEK FOUR – CONSTRUCTION OF SCALE D, A AND E MAJOR
WEEK FIVE – PRACTICALS – SINGING/RECORDER/PIANO
WEEK SIX – KEY SIGNATURE OF G, D, A AND E
WEEK SEVEN – TIME SIGNATURE – SIMPLE AND COMPOUND
WEEK EIGHT – LIFE AND WORKS OF J.S BACH AND AKIN EUBA
WEEK NINE – INTRODUCTION TO INTERVAL
REVISION EXERCISE
1. One of the rules of writing music is to insert_____________________ to a piece of music
2. _____________ is a property of tone or sound
3. On the piano instrument, the black key immediately after F is ____________
4. _______________ is a musical ladder arranged alphabetically from a note to it octave
5. A short line placed above or below the staff to accommodate extra note is described as______
6. The stem is not use when writing a ___________________ note
7. A.C.E.G is letter name of the spaces on the _______________ staff/clef
8. The combination of the treble and the bass clef is known as the _________________
9. This musical note ‘ ‘ is called ____________________
10. How many beats are there in a crotchet note?
Identify the following staff.
WEEK TWO
DOTTED NOTE AND TIE
The Dot:- The duration of note or rest may be increased by putting a dot after the note. The dot increases the length of the note by half of it original value. A note that is dotted is called “dotted note”, while a rest that is dotted is called a “dotted rest”
Duration of dotted notes and Rests
When a dot is placed after a note or rest, the duration of that note or rest is increased by half of its original value
Examples –
Dotted semibreve —- —— + or + +
Dotted minim —- —– + or + +
Dotted crotchet —– —— + or + +
Dotted quaver —— —– + or + +
Dotted semiquaver —– —– + or + +
Dotted demise quaver —– —– + or + +
Dot Position on the Staff
On the staff, the dot is always written in a space when the note head is written in space. When the note head is written on a line, the dot is placed in the space above that line.
THE TIE:- The tie is another symbol that is used to extend the duration of a note. Tie is a curve line that connects two note of the same pitch. Tie is never used to connect notes of different lines or spaces. The second note of the pair is connected and held but not played again
Exercise
Name the following musical notes
_________________________ (ii) _________________________
(iii) __________________ (iv) ________________ (v) ____________________
- Use a note to represent the groups of notes below
____________ (ii) ___________ (iii) ___________
WEEK THREE
RHYTHM
Rhythm is the flow of music through time. Rhythm is basic to life, we see it in virtually every aspect of life; the season, dry and rainy seasons, school year calendar, as we run, walk and march etc.
Rhythm is the life blood of music. It may also be defined as the particular arrangement of note lengths in a piece of music.
Aspect of Rhythm
Furthermore, rhythm has several interrelated aspects such as
- Beat – meter – measure – tempo
BEAT
Almost all the music we use today has a steady beat or pulse. The beat is constant and regular, the impact of it can be felt when you tap or clap to a piece of music. Beat can be represented by a line of half notes, quarter notes or eight notes
METER
The organization of beats into regular groups is called meter.
Duple meter/time has 2 beats in a bar in which we count 1 2, 1 2, 1 2, as when children or soldiers are marching, left right, left right etc.
Triple meter/time has 3 beat in a bar, in which we count 1 2 3, 1 2 3, etc.
Quadruple meter/time has 4 beats in a bar. Here we count 1 2 3 4, 1 2 3 4, etc.
MEASURE
Every music is divide into portion called bar or measure, measure or bar is an equal potion of the music through a short vertical line called the bar line.
Example
Bar/ measure bar line
TEMPO
Simply put, tempo is the speed of the beat or the basic pace of the music.
Fast tempos are normally associated with energy and excitement, while slow tempos are with solemnity and calmness.
WEEK FOUR
CONSTRUCTION OF MAJOR SCALE (D,A AND E)
In one of our previous lessons, we have learnt about musical scale as a succession of eight notes and it is no more news that major scale consists of eight notes with the arrangement of tones and semitones. Here we shall continue with the scales with sharp key signature, note that the arrangement of tones and semitones are: T, T, S, T, T, T, S.
D major scale (both ascending and descending order)
D E F# G A B C# D
T T S T T T S
A major scale (both ascending and descending order)
A B C# D E F# G# A
T T S T T T S
E major scale (both ascending and descending order)
E F# G# A B C# D# E
T T S T T T S
Exercise:
Construct B and F# major, using both treble and bass clef.
B major
F# major
WEEK FIVE
PRACTICALS- SINGING/RECORDER/PIANO
WEEK SIX
KEY SIGNATURE OF G, D, A AND E MAJOR
It is important to know how to find the key of a given passage. Consider the first two lines of the tune below
The music above contains two sharps F and C which show that it is in the key of D major.
The following tune St. Denio in A major is written with the necessary notes sharpened. All F C G are sharpened
In writing music in keys which have sharps or flats, it would be cumbersome to write a flat or sharp sign (as above) in front of every affected note, therefore the flats or sharps in each scale are grouped together and written immediately after the clef sign at the beginning of each line.
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Add titleLesson Notes on Music JSS1 Third Term
Music Lesson Note JSS1 Third Term – Edudelight.com
SCHEME OF WORKS MUSIC JSS1 THIRD TERM
WEEK ONE – REVISION OF THE LAST TERM WORKS
WEEK TWO – DOTTED NOT AND REST
WEEK THREE – RHYTHM
WEEK FOUR – CONSTRUCTION OF SCALE D, A AND E MAJOR
WEEK FIVE – PRACTICALS – SINGING/RECORDER/PIANO
WEEK SIX – KEY SIGNATURE OF G, D, A AND E
WEEK SEVEN – TIME SIGNATURE – SIMPLE AND COMPOUND
WEEK EIGHT – LIFE AND WORKS OF J.S BACH AND AKIN EUBA
WEEK NINE – INTRODUCTION TO INTERVAL
REVISION EXERCISE
1. One of the rules of writing music is to insert_____________________ to a piece of music
2. _____________ is a property of tone or sound
3. On the piano instrument, the black key immediately after F is ____________
4. _______________ is a musical ladder arranged alphabetically from a note to it octave
5. A short line placed above or below the staff to accommodate extra note is described as______
6. The stem is not use when writing a ___________________ note
7. A.C.E.G is letter name of the spaces on the _______________ staff/clef
8. The combination of the treble and the bass clef is known as the _________________
9. This musical note ‘ ‘ is called ____________________
10. How many beats are there in a crotchet note?
Identify the following staff.
WEEK TWO
DOTTED NOTE AND TIE
The Dot:- The duration of note or rest may be increased by putting a dot after the note. The dot increases the length of the note by half of it original value. A note that is dotted is called “dotted note”, while a rest that is dotted is called a “dotted rest”
Duration of dotted notes and Rests
When a dot is placed after a note or rest, the duration of that note or rest is increased by half of its original value
Examples –
Dotted semibreve —- —— + or + +
Dot Position on the Staff
On the staff, the dot is always written in a space when the note head is written in space. When the note head is written on a line, the dot is placed in the space above that line.
THE TIE:- The tie is another symbol that is used to extend the duration of a note. Tie is a curve line that connects two note of the same pitch. Tie is never used to connect notes of different lines or spaces. The second note of the pair is connected and held but not played again
Exercise
(iii) __________________ (iv) ________________ (v) ____________________
- Use a note to represent the groups of notes below
WEEK THREE
RHYTHM
Rhythm is the flow of music through time. Rhythm is basic to life, we see it in virtually every aspect of life; the season, dry and rainy seasons, school year calendar, as we run, walk and march etc.
Rhythm is the life blood of music. It may also be defined as the particular arrangement of note lengths in a piece of music.
Aspect of Rhythm
Furthermore, rhythm has several interrelated aspects such as
- Beat – meter – measure – tempo
BEAT
Almost all the music we use today has a steady beat or pulse. The beat is constant and regular, the impact of it can be felt when you tap or clap to a piece of music. Beat can be represented by a line of half notes, quarter notes or eight notes
METER
The organization of beats into regular groups is called meter.
Duple meter/time has 2 beats in a bar in which we count 1 2, 1 2, 1 2, as when children or soldiers are marching, left right, left right etc.
Triple meter/time has 3 beat in a bar, in which we count 1 2 3, 1 2 3, etc.
Quadruple meter/time has 4 beats in a bar. Here we count 1 2 3 4, 1 2 3 4, etc.
MEASURE
Every music is divide into portion called bar or measure, measure or bar is an equal potion of the music through a short vertical line called the bar line.
Example
Bar/ measure bar line
TEMPO
Simply put, tempo is the speed of the beat or the basic pace of the music.
Fast tempos are normally associated with energy and excitement, while slow tempos are with solemnity and calmness.
WEEK FOUR
CONSTRUCTION OF MAJOR SCALE (D,A AND E)
In one of our previous lessons, we have learnt about musical scale as a succession of eight notes and it is no more news that major scale consists of eight notes with the arrangement of tones and semitones. Here we shall continue with the scales with sharp key signature, note that the arrangement of tones and semitones are: T, T, S, T, T, T, S.
D major scale (both ascending and descending order)about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.
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D E F# G A B C# D
T T S T T T S
A major scale (both ascending and descending order)
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about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.
A B C# D E F# G# A
T T S T T T S
E major scale (both ascending and descending order)about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.
about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.about:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.
E F# G# A B C# D# E
T T S T T T S
Exercise:
Construct B and F# major, using both treble and bass clef.
B major
F# majorabout:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.
WEEK FIVE
PRACTICALS- SINGING/RECORDER/PIANOabout:blankImageUpload an image file, pick one from your media library, or add one with a URL.
However, the collection of flats and sharps placed at the beginning of each staff is called the key signature.
The key signatures so far considered are arranged for treble and bass clefs as follows:
G major D major A major E major
Exercises
Write in your manuscript the following key signatures
(a) D major on treble clef
(b) A major on bass clef
WEEK SEVEN
TIME SIGNATURE
The time signature is made up of two figures, one placed over the other
e. g. 3 2 4 6 2 3
4, 4, 8, 8, 2, 8 . etc
The top figure tells us how many beats are there in a bar while the lower or bottom figure tells us what kind of note or beat is worth one beat.
The semibreve is considered as the standard note by which the measure of the different kind of time is fixed.
Any of the notes minim, crotchets, quavers or semiquaver may be the beat unit (i.e. may be worth one beat), the bottom figure of the signature is arrived at by dividing the note into a semibreve.
If the is the beat, the bottom figure will be 1
If the is the beat, the bottom figure will be 2
Similarly, if the is the beat, the bottom figure will be 4
If the is the beat, the bottom figure will be 8
For example
3 three 4 four 2 two
Minim beat in a bar crotchet beat in a bar quavers beat in a bar
Kinds of Time signature
There are two kinds of time signature. They are simple and compound time signature.
A simple time signature has 2,3 or 4 as it upper figures. While a compound time signature has a multiple of three as it time upper figure i.e 6,9 and 12. They both have common lower figure 2, 4 8 and 16.
SIMPLE COMPOUND
Duple Triple Quadruple Duple Triple Quadruple
Upper
Figure 2 3 4 6 9 12
2 4 8 16
Note
Time signatures are also divided into three groups namely Duple, Triple and Quadruple time signature.
Therefore we have:
- Simple duple time signature
- Simple triple time signature
- Simple quadruple time signature
- Compound duple time signature
- Compound triple time signature
- Compound quadruple time signature
WEEK EIGHT
LIFE AND WORKS OF J.S BACH AND AKIN EUBA
JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH
Johann Sebastian Bach was born Eisenach, Germany on march 21th , 1685 (the same year Handel was born), and He son of a town musician. At age 8, because of his great love for music he trekked 64 kilometers to listen to an organ recital. When the boy was ten, his father died. Johann’s musical training was taken over by his elder brother, Johann Christophe, an organist. During his early career, Bach was known more as an organist genius than as a composer. After two brief positions as organist, Bach was appointed to his firsts important post at the age of twenty-three, that of court organist and musician to the Duke of Weimar. He stayed nine years, and it was during his Weimar years he concentrated on organ, both as a performer and as a composer.
In October 1707, Bach married his cousin Maria Barbara Bach; together they eventually have seven children.
Bach was born and died in Germany, and spent his entire life there, working as an organist, and composer. He had over 20 children including four who became famous musicians in their own right.
HIS MUSIC
Johann Sebastian Bach wrote music which is includes:
- Jesu joy of man desiring
- Passion according to St. Mathew
- The Great B minor mass
- The magnicat
- Anna Magdalene
- Merry Peasant
AKIN EUBA
Akin Euba was born in 1935, the same year with Ayo Bankole. He received his first music lessons from his father who was a civil servant. He studied music at the Trinity College of music, London, the University of California, Los Angelis and University of Ghana where he bagged his Doctorate degree in music.
Upon his return to Nigeria, he worked with the Nigerian broadcasting Corporation. Thereafter he lectured at University of Lagos and Ife respectively.
Akin Euba spent a good part of his life studying African traditional music, particularly Yoruba music. This author is privileged to have listened to Mr. Euba personally perform his composition scenes from traditional life at MUSON concert some years ago.
His music
- Olurombi for symphony and orchestra
- The wanderer for cello and piano
- Abiku
- Chaka a setting of a dramatic poem
WEEK NINE
INTRODUCTION TO INTERVALS
Musical interval can be described as the distance between two pitches or note (whether these notes are played together or separately). The distance from one key to another is in movement down-up. Therefore, the smallest interval on the piano is half step. From one white key to the other is a whole step and from white to a black key is half step
C D E F G A B C D E F G A B C
Whole step half step
Types of intervals
There are two types of intervals namely:
- Harmonic interval: this is when two notes or pitches sounded or played together.
e.g
- Melodic interval: this is when two notes or pitches sounded or played one after the other.
e.g
Qualities of interval
There are five qualities of intervals; this has to do with number of semitones in each interval.
- Major interval – Augmented interval
- Minor interval – Diminished interval
- Perfect interval
Notes
Major interval comprises of the 2nd , 3rd, 6th and 7th
Minor interval comprises of the 2nd , 3rd , 6th and 7th
Perfect interval comprises of the 4th , 5th and 8th
Augmented interval comprises of the 2nd , 3rd , 4th , 5th , 6th and 7th
Diminished interval comprises of the 4th , 5th and when all minor intervals are reduced or Flattened by a semitone.
Semitones in interval
Apart from the numeric interval, the number of semitones in each of the interval determines the quality of each. This also must be memorized by the student for effective identification of each interval.
- One semitone gives———————— minor 2nd
- Two semitones gives————————-major 2nd
- Three semitones gives———————–minor 3rd
- Four semitones gives ————————-major 3rd
- Five semitones gives—————————perfect 4th
- Six semitones gives —————————-aug.4th or dim.5th
- Seven semitones gives————————-perfect 5th.
- Eight semitones gives————————–aug.5th or minor 6th.
- Nine semitones gives————————- major 6th.
- Ten semitones give ————————— aug.6th or minor 7th.
- Eleven semitones gives———————— major 7th.
- Twelve semitones gives———————— perfect 8th.
