Third term English Grammar Lesson note for Primary one

THIRD TERM E-LEARNING NOTE

SUBJECT: GRAMMAR                                                                

CLASS:  YEAR 1

SCHEME OF WORK

WEEK           TOPIC

1.      Words and Opposites

        2.        Questions and Answer

       3.         Expressing Habitual Action

       4.        Asking about the number of objects

       5.         Sentence formation

       6.          Use of intensifier

 7– 8.         Using verb correctly

      10.       Comparism of Adjective

     1 1.         Suffix/Prefix        

   1 2.         Examination

REFERENCE

UBE GRAMMER BOOK 1

                                           WEEK ONE

TOPIC:   WORDS AND OPPOSITE

Words are things we say. Like come, go, I, we, etc.

Opposite is a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word. Another word for opposite is called Antonyms.

Examples of words and opposite                                                                             

	words	Opposite
1	come	go
2	up	down
3	add	subtract
4	Beautiful	Ugly
5	New	old
6	young	old
7	happy	unhappy
8	Able	unable
9	fast	slow
10	fat	thin

Examples of using the opposite of a word to make a sentence

	words	Opposites	Sentences
1	safe	unsafe	The road is unsafe for use to walk.
2	fit	unfit	The water is unfit for drinking.
3	complete	incomplete	The books are incomplete.
4	correct	incorrect	The spelling is incorrect.
5	in	out	Bola went out of the class.

EVALUATION

Find the opposite of the following words

	words	opposites
1	fat
2	right
3	friend

Choose which of the words given in brackets means the opposite of the word underlined in each sentences.

1. Her room is always clean.  (Dirty, poor, untidy, ugly).
2. Do not come too late for my party. (Prompt, early, quickly, timely).
3.  I asked Emmanuel to empty the water in the basket. (fill, pack,  load,  pour)

                                                   WEEK THREE

TOPIC: QUESTION AND ANSWER

Question are sentences we say by asking and we require answer. These question is commonly use in English Language.

WH –questions are different from answering directly Using Yes or No.

WH questions are questions that start with WH –words. These are what, when, whom, where, which, whose, why, how, how far, how long, how much, how come, how old, whose, whom, why don’t, etc.

These words are used to ask questions about specific qualities, times, places, people, etc

Examples of question words, where it is use and sentences

	Question words	What it is used for	Example of Question words
1	who	To ask about people	Who told you about me?
2	where	To ask about a place	Where is my book?
3	when	To ask about time	When is break?
4	what	To ask about things	What are you doing?
5	which	To ask about choices	Of all the subjects in the school, which one would you like?
6	How	To ask about manner/process	How did you get here?
7	why	To ask about reasons/causes	Why is David crying?
8	whose	To ask about possession	Whose school bag is this?

Examples of sentences that make use of WH –word and how to answer it

1. What is your name?  I  am fine, thank you.
2. When did you live? I Left an hour ago.
3. How Was your day? It was fine, thank you.
4. How old are you?  I clock six (6) today.
5. How many people are there in your class? There are 10 of them.
6. How much did it cost?   It cost N20.
7. Why did you think he hates you?  Because he  refuse talking to me.
8. Whose class is better?  Paul’s class is much better.

EVALUATION      

1. .__________ will you leave? After the meeting.  A.what B. who C. whom D. whose
2. __________ is Peter? He is still fine. Thanks for asking. A. what B. who C. whom D. How
3. ___________ pen is this?  It’s John’s. A. what B. whom B. whose C. who
4. _________ was the weather like on Monday?  It was raining a lot.  A. what B.what C. when D. How

THEORY

1. Make three sentences using WH- question.

    WEEK THREE

TOPIC: EXPRESSING HABITUAL ACTIONS

Habitual actions are things we always do. They express things we do regularly or daily.

Examples of habitual actions

1. Every evening Samuel plays football.
2. My dad wakes up by 6: am daily.
3. Emmanuel washes his father’s car each Saturday.
4. She goes to church every Sunday.
5. Monkeys eat bananas all the time.
6. I take my bath twice every day.

               Using “shall” and “Will” in expressing Habitual action

“I “and “we” are used often with “shall” while ‘’you”, “he” and they are used often with “will”.

The following are ways we can use “will” and “shall” in expressing Habitual actions in a sentence.

1. We shall go to work at the school farm next Friday.
2. I shall come to see you tomorrow.
3. Yoruba and Hausa shall not fight.
4. Kunle will visit us soon.
5. I will be in year two next year
6. Mercy will drive her bicycle to school tomorrow.

EVALUATION

Instruction: complete the sentences using “shall” or “Will”

1. Bright __________ return next week. A. will B. shall
2. She ____________ come to see you next week. A. will B. shall
3. We ____________ be starting our examination next week. A. will B. shall
4. He ____________ not ride the bicycle to school next week. A. will B. shall

 THEORY

1. What are habitual actions?
2. Make three sentences of habitual actions using “shall” or “Will”.

                                 WEEK FOUR

TOPIC:  ASKING ABOUT THE NUMBER OF AN OBJECT

What is a noun?

A noun is the name of a person, place, things or animal.

Singular and plural nouns

A singular noun has to do with one person, place, things or animal; while a plural noun has to do with more than one person, place, things or animal.

That is when something is one it is singular but when something is more than one, it is Plural.

Some noun form plural from singular by adding “s” while Some noun form plural from singular by adding “es”

Examples of singular noun that form plural noun by adding “s”

	Singular	Plural
1	Bag	Bags
2	Book	Books
3	girl	girls
4	boy	boys
5	friend	friends

Examples of singular noun that form plural noun by adding “es”

	Singular	Plural
1	bus	buses
2	box	boxes
3	brush	brushes
4	wife	wives
5	babies	babies

Making sentences using plural

1. I know two big Markets for shopping.
2. There are three schools on my street.
3. I love babies.

EVALUATION

Complete the following space with the singular or plural noun

	Singular	Plural
1	tree
2	cat
3		spoons
4		dogs
5		fishes

THEORY

1. Mention three examples of singular noun.
2. Mention three examples of plural noun.

             WEEK FIVE

SENTENCE FORMATION

What is a sentence? A sentence is a group of words that makes or express complete thought. A Sentence is formed by joining different words to say something that people can understand.

Examples of forming simple sentences

1. My father is     +    a Police officer = my father is a Police officer. 
2. I am + a girl = I am a girl.
3.  Paul goes to + school every day = Paul goes to + school every day.
4. Our teacher   +    is a man = our teacher is a man.
5. This is   + my book =   this is my book.
6. She cooked   +   the food = She cooked the food.
7.  Esther entered +   the room = Esther entered the room
8. Children love + to play always = Children love to play always.
9. Take it + at Once = Take it at Once.
10. Bring out your + Grammar textbook = Bring out your Grammar textbook.

EVALUATION

Make a complete sentence using the following

1. The cock ________. A look B. Crow C. Laugh D. cry.
2. The car belongs to ________. A. blue B Fish C. hard D Kunle
3. He took it __________ A Home B. large C. poor D.phone
4. She sat next to _________ A. God B. Me C. Chair D. Time.

THEORY

1. Make three  simple sentences.

                                                             WEEK SIX

TOPIC: USE OF INTENSIFIERS

Adverbs are words used to describe a verb, an adjective or another verb. They tell us more  about a verb, an adjective or another adverb.

Examples are gently, loudly, beautifully, fearfully, slowly, etc.

Intensifiers are words that are used to strengthen the meaning of other expressions and show more emphasis. They are used to add more meaning  in  a sentence that contains a verb, an adjective or adverb.

EXAMPLES OF INTENSIFIERS

Examples of intensifiers are;

1. So
2.  too
3. Very
4. Really
5. Totally
6. Extremely
7.  at all
8.  Completely
9.  super, etc.

Forming sentences with intensifiers

The following sentences contain intensifier

	Intensifiers	Sentences
1	very	The water is very hot.
2	too	She is too busy.
3	pretty	She’s pretty brilliant.
4	really	Do you really mean it?
5	strongly	I strongly disagree.
6	quite	It is quite calm here
7	so	He is so kind to us.
8	At all	I don’t like his character at all.
9	extremely	My house is extremely clean.
10	such	Yesterday  was such a hot day.

EVALUATION

1. ____________ add more meaning to a  sentence. A. Noun B. Intensifiers C.Verb D. Pronoun
2. One of the following is  not an example of intensifiers. A. too B. very C. write D. so
3. What is the intensifier in this sentence “I don’t like his character at all.” A. I B. don’t C. his D. at all.
4.  What is the intensifier in this sentence “He is so kind to us.” A. is B so C. to B. us

THEORY

1. What are intensifiers
2. Mention three intensifiers

WEEK SEVEN AND EIGHT

TOPIC : USING VERB CORRECTLY

What is a verb?

A Verb is a word, which shows action. It is an action words or a doing words.  Verb is used to express what a person or a thing can do.

Verb can be in the present tense, the past tense or the future tense.

EXAMPLES OF VERB

Examples of verbs are:

1. Run
2.  Jump
3. talk
4. walk
5. sing

Using verb correctly in a sentence

The following underlined words are verbs

1. Peter ate rice this morning.
2. I walk to school today.
3. I will wash my cloth after school.
4. I am writing my note.

EVALUATION

Instruction:  underline the verb in each sentence

1. The president spoke about Corona Virus.
2. I attended my brother’s birthday party.
3. Angela love to buy beautiful things.

THEORY

1. What is a verb?
2. Mention three examples of verb.

                                   WEEK NINE

                    COMPARISM OF ADJECTIVES 

1. Explain the term positive, comparative and superlative
2. State when to use them
3. Use them correctly in any given sentence

An adjective is a word that qualifies or describes things or persons.  It tells us more about a noun.

Adding an adjective to a noun  or pronoun, make the meaning of a sentence clear.

Examples of adjectives

1. Fine
2. Short
3. Tall
4. Rich
5. Fat
6. Long
7. Big
8. Old

Examples of adjectives

1. A fat woman.
2. A long ruler
3. A tall girl
4. A poor man
5. This is a short man

EVALUATION

Read the sentences and underline the adjectives

1. Samson has a big ball.
2. The tall teacher is coming.
3. My wife is a careful cook
4. She is a foolish boy
5. She has a beautiful flower

Identification and uses of Adjectives – Comparison of Adjectives         

Adjectives can be compared  when we add “er” and “est” these three levels  or degrees of comparison are called positive, comparative and superlatives.

The positive describes a noun or pronoun. i.e big, fast, clever, etc.

The comparative is used to compare only two nouns or pronouns for example; longer, taller, bigger, faster, cleaverer, etc.

The superlative is used to compare more than two nouns or pronouns; for example: biggest, fastest, cleverest, etc.

Formation of comparative and superlative

1. Using adjectives to form comparative by adding ‘er’ and their superlative by adding ‘est’ to the positive.

	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1	big	bigger	Biggest
2	slow	slower	slowest
3	short	shorter	shortest
4	young	younger	youngest
5	rich	richer	richest

•  Using adjectives whose positive end with “e”, we add “r” to form comparative ‘st’ to form superlative.

	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1	Fine	finer	finest
2	brave	braver	bravest
3	pure	purer	purest

•   Positive adjectives ends with “Y” and has a consonant before it, the ‘Y’ is changed into “i”, then “er” and “est’ are added to form comparative and superlative.

	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1	lazy	lazier	laziest
2	merry	merrier	merriest
3	heavy	heavier	heaviest

• When the last letter of the positives are doubled before ‘er’ and ‘est’ are added to form comparative and superlative.

	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1	big	bigger	Biggest
2	thin	thinner	thinnest
3	hot	hotter	hottest

•    Adding of “more” and “most” to form comparative and superlative from the Positive adjective.

	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1	careless	More careless	Most careless
2	Brilliant	More brilliant	most brilliant
3	Handsome	More handsome	Most handsome

•    Irregular comparative and superlative; they have no fixed  rules

	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1	good	better	Best
2	many	more	most
3	bad	worse	worst

•   Some  Adjectives that do not change  their positive  form

	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1	full	full	full
2	left	left	left
3	wrong	wrong	wrong

USING POSITIVE, COMPARTIVE AND SUPERLATIVE CORRECTLY IN ANY GIVEN SENTENCE

USING POSITIVE CORRECTLY IN A SENTINCE

1. A beautiful girl.
2. A careful doctor
3. He is a brave soldier.
4. My teacher is a good person.
5. She is young for her age.

USING COMPARATIVE CORRECTLY IN A SENTENCE

1. He is older than I am.
2. She is my younger sister.
3. Tuned is more handsome than Femi.
4. My father is richer than I am.
5. The water is hotter than the sunlight.

USING SUPERLATIVE CORRECTLY IN SENTENCE

1.  I am the most brilliant, in the class.
2. This is the widest road in my street.
3. Everest is the highest mountain in the world.
4. Mr. Paul is the best teacher in the school.
5. My father is the richest in the community.

EVALUATION

Instruction: Complete the following table with the right positive, comparative, superlative.

	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
1	late		latest
2	soon	sooner
3		better	best
4	quickly		Most quickly
5	right	right

THEORY

1. What is an adjective?
2. Mention three examples of adjectives.

                       WEEK TEN

PREFIX AND SUFFIX

Prefix is a group of letters that is added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning and make new word.

For example ‘un’ in Unknown.

Examples of Prefixes

1. Ab  + here   =    Adhere
2. Bi   +  cycle  = Bicycle
3. Ex   + port   =    Export
4. Mis  + take   = Mistake
5. Re  +  turn   =  Return
6. In +  human  = inhuman

Suffix is formed when a letter is or letters are added to the end of a word. For example ‘oon’ in “Balloon”.

Examples of Suffixes

1. Move + able  = Moveable
2. Care  + less  = careless
3. Punish  + ment  = punishment
4. Mount + tain  =  Mountain
5. Eat  + able  = Eatable

EVALUATION

Instruction: in each of the following, underline the prefix or suffix to each of the given word.

1. _______Easy. A. Un B. bo
2. ___Joy. A. ful B. En
3. Move_____. A. me B. ment
4. Eat_______.  A.able B. sh

 THEORY

1. What is suffix?
2. What is prefix?